walrath



(No Model.) 1o Sheets-Shed 1.

' J. WALRATH.

I EXPLOSIVE GASYLEIENGINE.

No. 522,311. Pdg'ented' July 10; 1894.-

llllllllllllllll (No Model.) 1

' 1 J. WALRATH.

EXPLOSIVE GAS ENGINE. No. 522,811. Patented July 10,1894.

WY 101 m 10.Sheets Sh eet g M k Y w i F1E W Q 0 Q (No Model.) 10 Sheets-Sheet 3. J. WALRATH.

EXPLOSIVE GAS ENGINE;

N01 522,811. Patented July 10,1894.-

10 SheetS -Sh'eet 4. J. W ALRATI-I. EXPLOSIVE GAS ENGINE.

PatentedJulylO, 1894.

(No Model.)

(No Model.) J. WALRATH. EXPLOSIVE GAS ENGINE.

No. 522,811. Patented July 10, 1894.

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IIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIHHIHHllh "Ill 1 Wm mull-ll lllllll II 10 Sheets--Sheet 6.

(No Model.) 10 Sheets-Sheet-Y.

J. WALRATH. I EXPLOSIVE GAS-ENGINE. No. 522,811. Patented July '10, 1894. 1

I III! Minimum i mun H \lillllfllllllllllll (No Models 1o Sheets-Sheet a.

EWALRA-TH.

EXPLOSIVE GAS ENGLNEc o. 522,811; Patentemul 10, 1894 (No Model.) 10 Sheets-Sheet-Y.

J. WALRATH. I EXPLOSIVE GAS-ENGINE. No. 522,811. Patented July '10, 1894. 1

I III! Minimum i mun H \lillllfllllllllllll BXPLOSIVEGASENGINE Model.)

I PflatentedJu y 10, 1394.

' see-err top of the casing as shown best in Figs. 3 and 6. The operating levers of the two valve casi- Io ings secured to one cylinder, extend to within a short distance from each other as shown in Fig. 3.

v Beneath the cylinders transverse shaft E, I which I term the valve operating shaft, is r mounted in suitable bearings unddrivcn from the-driving shaft. In this instance the valve operating shaft E is provided at one end with a bevelgear e (see Figs. 1 and 3) which meshes with a gear f on a longitudinally disposed 2o shaft F. The driving shaft is provided with a. pinion c which gears with, a larger gear wheel f on a short shaft F which is provided with a bevel gearf meshing with a gearf in the shaft F. The parts are so constructed 2 5 and arranged that the valve operating shaft makes one completerevolution for two completerevolutionsof thedriv'ingshaft caused by four out strokes of the pistons. On the valve controlling shaft are four eccentrics e c c e which control the opcration'of the gas and air inlet'ports-of the four cylinders, two of such eccentrics being located at each side of the machine. Each eccentric operates an eccen- .tric rod which is disposed vertically'and has.

3 5 its upper end provided with a hook or shoulder e for engaging one end of one of the valve operating levers d above which is an incline a Reference being bad to Fig. 6, it will be seen that as the shaft revolves, the eccentric will cause the eccentric rod e to draw down'the end of the lever d until the lever slips outof engagement with the hook. or shoulder 2 of said eccentric rod, when-a spring at will restore the lever d to its normal position and close the valve, lhisit will do when the lever d has been drawn down tg the lowest position indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 6. When the eccentric rises the inclines? will engage the end of the lever'd" and pass upward until the hook e operatively engages the lover. The eccentrics are mounted upon the valve actuating shaft E in such a manner that one valve will be opened at each quarter rcvolu-' tion of the shaft to admitgas and air to its 5 5' cylinder. Figs. 11 and 12 illustrate the construction of the eccentrics and their arrange-v mcnt upon the shaft.

Upon the upper part of the machine is mounted a'governor G of any usual. or pre-' 6o fcrrcd construction, which is opcratively connected with an arm h on a rock shaft H. The rock shaft H is provided adjacentto each end with an arm h to'which is. attached a vertical slide h (see 'l igs. 3 and 6) having. its $5 lower end mounted in a guide, and being provided with laterally extending arms carrying etude or friction rolls. it whiche outer edges of the vertical eccentric rods c. A spring 9 which isin this instance secured to one of the eccentric rods, forces the said rods away fromeach other and holds them against the friction rolls h The governor is operated by a belt from a pulley E on the shaft-E as will be seen. from Figs. 1, 2 and 5.

When the machine is started the governor friction rolls h are in theposition shownfin full linesin Fig. 6. The eccentrics will there- -i:ore operate to pull down the levers d and open the valves to the greatest possible extent to allow a-large amount of gas to flow into the chambers. After the machine has been in operation a few moments the gov-- ernor balls will rise and thereby depress the friction rolls 7& which will engage inclined portions 6 on the eccentric rods, as shown in Fig. 6 and force said rods'inward thereby lessening the extent or? engagement. of the.

hooks e and the lever 11 so that when oncof said eccentric rods is drawn down-ward it will slip oif of the end of the lever before i t has drawn said lever down very fares indicated in the middle position-(shown in dotted lines) inFig; 6, thus opening the valve alesf's amount and permitting a less amount of explosive mixture to enter the chamber connectedtherewith. lit will-thusbc seen that the governor will control the amount of gas admitted to the several chambers, so "as; to allow only the amount of explosive mixture to he used for each explosion necessary to maintain a uniform speed and power.

exhaust ports as shown in Figs. 2' and 4, one is communicating with the smaller cylinder and the other k communicating with the stem of the valve It extends through the ms halls are in their lowest positions and the Each double cylinder is provided "with two I ing and is engagedhy one end oi" a tappet or lever la the other end of which engages acam on the shaft E. There 'ai-e four of these cams,"

L L L Lfor operating the exhaust valves, one for each valve, and eachcam is preferably shaped as shown in Fig. 9. The cam has'three quarters of, its periphery concentric with-the shaft as indicated at Zwhile the other quarter is provided with a raised camsur face Z. In operation each cam permits its valve to remain closed during three quarters of the revolution of the cern'shafb and during the last quarter said raised surface 2 will-0pcrate the lever h and elevate the valve to permit the exhaust from its corresponding cylinder to take place. The four cams L L 'L L are arranged upon the shaft E as indicated in Fig. 10, so that one of tho level-3.7a will always be acted upon by its cam; and at every qnarterrevolution of the shaft; one exhaust valve will close and another open, causing the four exhnuet valves to open for one quarter of a revolution in succession, one only being ones "ct Fig.5 shows a plan view ot the shaft E and illustrates the arrangement of the cams and.

exhaust valves, also the eccentrics e c c c which control-the inlet ports. This construe tion is also shown-clearly in Fig, 4. Each valve is? is provided with a spring 70 which keeps the valve upon its seat unless it is being acted upon by its controlling cam.

The frame of the machineis made to supportthe various parts and I prefer'to provide the frame with tie rods M M as shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 4, toresist thestrain caused by the explosions in the cylinders. v V

I prefer to employ electric devices for ignitin g the explosive mixture successively in the four cylinders, and to this end each cylinder at" a a a is provided with a pair of electrodes 'n. n as indicated in Fi lot an referred forth, to' which wires are attached which conncctthein witlra source of elec tricity as afbattery and induction coil (not shown) which; will produce a spark, 1 pro: ride the valve cont-rolling shaft E with an electric controlling device electrically connected with said source of electricity-and with the said electrodes'so thata spark will be produced in cachet the cylinders in succession for each revolution ofthe shaft-.- The devices-which I have shown for this purpose are. illustratedin Figs. 13 and '14. A stationary disk N surrounds the shaft E and is providcd'with four pairs of suitable.plugsat operating shaft.

n to'vvhich the wires of the various circuits are connected. .The shaft is provided with an arm N to which 'aresecured brushesnin in position to be passed over the four pairs of plugs in succession and thereby cause a spark to be produced in each of the four cyl-.

inders, as will be readily. understood.

llaving set forth in detailthe construction of the .various parts of the apparatus I will proceed to desc'ribethe operation of the engine, tracing the operations which take place in the various cylinders during one complete cycle of movements, which produce fourout strokes of the pistons, two revolutions of the driving shaft and one revolution of the valve In Figs; 15, 16, 17, and 18, I have diagrammatically illustrated the positions of the pistons and the operations attendant upon cach'step in the cycle of movements.

Supposing the parts/to be in the position shown in Fig. 15, the machine in order to be started has been operated by hand to draw a charge of explosive mixture into thecylinder a and compress it'thfereiu. As the piston in by mcansof the eccentric and eccentric rod as before described. Reference beiughad to Figs. 3, and .7, it will be'seen that as soon as the vacuum is formedaud the valve opened, 1 gas and air will pass into the cylinder, the gas through the inlet pipe (1 and the air by lifting the-check valve d in the inlet (2. Re turning to Fig.'15,it will be seen that the explosion in cylindera? also forces the piston working in cylinders a' afl'inward thereby compressing the gasalready drawn into the cylinder a. The next explosion takes place v in cylindera', as indicated in Fig. 16, driving thepistons in cylinders a (IF-outward and drawings charge of air-and gas into the cyl- -1-nder a, in the manner" previouslydescribed withrefereuce to cylinder at. The piston in cylinders a, at will be forced inward by the explosion in cylinder a and at the moment before it begins its rearward movement, the exhaust valve communicating with c linder a wiil be opened, thegas-inlet valve 'aving been already closed by the hookon'theeccentrio rod slipping off of the valve operating lever as before described." As the piston moves rearward therefore the ats in c linder a will be compressed, while the exploded vapor in the cylinder a? will: beforced out through the exhaust valve- These xoperations'itwill be observed are positively accomplished by the turn movement of tl'ieother pisten compresses the charge in the cylinder a and expels' the exploded gases in the cylinders. ,The next explosion takes plncein the cylinder (2 as shown in Fig, l8, drawing a charge-into the cylinder a'rcompressm-g a charge in cylinout stroke of, the other pistom The next exy I der a and driving out the exploded .gasesin chamber awhen thecycle of movements ,is repeated. It will be thusobserve'd' that the four explosions each produce one stroke of one of the'ipistonsand'jone-half revolution of the crank or driving shaft. Thus the four explosions produce two revolutions of the driving shaft and a single revolution of the valve operating shaft as before described. It

will be 'observedthat the operations of filling, compressing, exploding and exhausting take place in each cylinder in succession and the compression and: the exhaustion in one cylinder are produced by positivemovements in one of theflothe'r cylindei'san'd not-by the balance wheel. In this construction there forewhere an impulse is given to the driving .shaft at each half revolution of the shaft, I am enabled to use a very small and light balance wheel instead of thelargeheavy WhBOlS which are ordinarily employed and the'power will thus be moredirectly and economically applied. n v I I In Fig. 8 I have illustrated aslightly modilied form' of gas and air inlet valve and operating lever therefor which I prefer 'to em:

ploy in place of the form shown iu'detail' n Fi n 7, In this constrnction the velve chains '0; is much the same that shown in Fig. 7, except thetthe goo is admitted at. the. top, and a horizonteily' movable valve 0 is con-- ployed having a compression spring'o encireling its etem o. -il1e valve operating lever Q is pivoted at o to the casing and has en vention.

What I claim, a tern Hiteni, is-

1. In an explosive engine the combination with. a pair of cylinders each having two elmnabersof dilferent diameters, of a. piston desire to secure by Lotfor tech cylinder having portions working in ea In chambenthecrnnkshaft connected with each of said pistons by a single connecting rod, valves controlling the supp'ly'of ex'plosive material to each chamber, valves controlling the exhaust port of each chamber,

means for operating said valves and devices for igniting the charge in each chamber "successively, substantially as described.

, 2. In an explosive-engine, the combination .with. a, pair of cylinders each having two chambers of diifercnt dinmeters, of a piston for each cylinder having portions working in eech chamber, i he crank shaft connected with said pistons, valves controlling the supply of controlling the exhaust port of each chamber, a shaft operated from the driving shaft opera,

'tivoly connected with said supply end exhaunt valves, and devices for igniting the enema charge in each chamber successively, conneoise'd with cold I ehnft, enhstentialiy as de scribed.-

3 In on explosive engine, the combination with the pee egos, for supplying explosive material to the explosion chambers, of valves located thereinflevers connected therewith,

eccentric rods having hooked portions for engaging the said lev'ere .dnringportions oi their movements, and devices connected. .with a centrifugal governor, for partially removing said hooked portions, from eng'agenicntf with said levers, thereby lessening the movement of said valves, substantially as de:

scribed.

4. In an explosive engine, the combination with the cylinders having each two chambers of diilerent diameters, offa piston for each cylinder having portions working in each chamber, an exhaust port for each. chamber, provided with a. controlling velvc;e vaive controlling she-it provided with cams foropcning one of said valves at each stroke of the pistons, snbsten tially as described.

5. In an explosive engine with passages for supplying explosive meteriel to. the explosive chambers, of valves 10- ca-ted th crcin, 1e were connected, therewith, eccentric rods having hooked portions for engaging the said levers during portions of their movements, said rode being provided with inclined'snrfaces, a slide provided with devices.

for engaging est-id inclined surfaces for 122,:- tialiymemovmg said hooKed' portions from engagement with raid lovers, nude centrifn gal governor operatively connected with said slide, substantia ly as described. I

In testimony whereof I nflix my sign ate re i n 7 presence of two witnesses. explosive materialto each chamber, valves JESSE WALRA'IH.

the combination 

